Association between the risk of chronification of musculoskeletal symptoms and sleep quality in Military Firefighters of the Federal District / Associação entre o risco de cronificação de sintomas musculoesqueléticos e a qualidade do sono em Bombeiros Militares no Distrito Federal

Abstract Musculoskeletal symptoms (MS) can derive from injuries or dysfunctions that affect biological tissues such as muscles, bones, and nerves, among others. Military Firefighters (MF) exercise their activities exposed to varied and complex biological conditions, in which the physical demands are intense. Shift work is another remarkable characteristic of the career, which is associated with sleep disorders. Our objective was to estimate the association between the risk of chronification of MS and sleep quality in MF with MS. Our study is a Cross-Sectional Observational Study, whose sample was composed of 753 BM from the Federal District. The analysis was performed with a Sample Characterization Questionnaire, Örebro Musculoskeletal Symptoms Screening Questionnaire (OMPSQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), answered remotely. Statistical analysis used the Spearman Correlation test, p<0.05. The correlation between OMPSQ and PSQI was rated moderate, demonstrating that sleep quality has an influence on the chronification process. The average of the evaluation of Sleep Quality through the PSQI is 8.79, indicating that military personnel present a deficient quality of sleep. There was a correlation between the PSQI score and the OMPSQ of 0.542 (p<0.001), a moderate correlation between the variables. We conclude that MF show correlation between SM and sleep quality, indicating a moderate relationship between the variables, where sleep quality explains 25% of SM. We found that most MF were classified as Low Risk for chronification of SM.

Resumo Os sintomas musculoesqueléticos (SM) podem derivar de lesões ou disfunções que afetam tecidos biológicos como músculos, ossos, nervos, entre outros. Os Bombeiros Militares (BM) exercem suas atividades expostos a condições biológicas variadas e complexas, nas quais as demandas físicas são intensas. O trabalho em turno é outra característica marcante na carreira, o qual está associado a distúrbios do sono. Nosso objetivo foi estimar a associação entre o risco de cronificação de SM e a qualidade do sono em BM com SM. Nosso estudo é um Estudo Observacional Transversal, cuja amostra foi composta por 753 BM do Distrito Federal. A análise foi realizada com um Questionário de Caracterização Amostral, Questionário Örebro de Triagem de Sintomas Musculoesqueléticos (OMPSQ) e com o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI), respondidos remotamente. A análise estatística utilizou o teste de Correlação Spearman, p<0,05. A correlação entre OMPSQ e PSQI foi classificada em moderada, demonstrando que a qualidade do sono apresenta influência no processo de cronificação. A média da avaliação da Qualidade do Sono através do PSQI é de 8,79, indicando que militares apresentam uma qualidade do sono deficitária. Houve correlação entre a pontuação no PSQI e o OMPSQ de 0,542 (p<0.001), correlação moderada entre as variáveis. Concluímos que os BM apresentam correlação entre os SM e a qualidade do sono, indicando uma relação moderada entre as variáveis, onde a qualidade de sono explica 25% dos SM. Verificamos que a maioria dos BM foram classificados como Baixo Risco de cronificação de SM.

Prevalencia de síntomas músculo-esqueléticos de la mano en estudiantes de odontología / Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms of the Hand Among Dental Students

Resumen Introducción: Los síntomas músculo-esqueléticos de las extremidades superiores son comunes entre los trabajadores dentales debido a la exposición a factores de riesgo, como movimientos repetitivos, esfuerzos intensos de manos, y malas posturas de muñecas. A medida que los estudiantes de odontología aprenden nuevas habilidades y procedimientos durante la escuela, experimentan un aumento gradual a estos factores de riesgo. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de los síntomas musculo-esqueléticos (SME) de mano y muñeca entre los estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad de Iowa. Métodos: A 35 estudiantes de primer año y 39 estudiantes de cuarto año (N = 74) se les pidió que llenaran dos cuestionarios. Resultados: La prevalencia de los SME moderados/severos de la mano dominante como entumecimiento, hormigueo y dolor entre los estudiantes de primer año fue de 0, 6 y 20%, respectivamente, comparado con el 18,15 y 36% de los estudiantes de cuarto año. Conclusiones: Los SME de la mano dominante fueron más comunes entre los estudiantes de odontología de cuarto año, en comparación con los de primer año.

Abstract Introduction: Musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities are common among dental workers due to exposure to risk factors including repetition, forceful exertions of the hand, and awkward wrist postures. As dental students learn new skills and procedures during dental school, they experience a gradually increasing exposure to these risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hand and wrist musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among dental students of the University of Iowa. Methods: Thirty-five first year students and thirty-nine fourth year students (N=74) were asked to complete two questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe MSS of the dominant hand such as numbness, tingling and soreness among first year students was 0, 6 and 20% respectively compared to 18, 15 and 36% of the fourth year students. Conclusions: In this relatively small sample, MSS of the dominant hand were more common among fourth year dental students when compared to first year students.

Pain and musculoskeletal discomfort in physiotherapists of the intensive care unit and ward of a university hospital: a retrospective cohort study / Dor e desconforto musculoesquelético em fisioterapeutas da unidade de terapia intensiva e enfermaria de um hospital universitário: um estudo de coorte retrospectivo

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Both biomechanical and emotional factors may contribute to the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in physical therapists working at a hospital, but we still do not know if these professionals present musculoskeletal symptoms related to the sector and working time. The objective of this study was to compare the self-report of pain and musculoskeletal discomfort of the physical therapists working in the intensive care unit and ward of a university hospital and retrospectively evaluate, 12 months of work, self-report of pain and musculoskeletal discomfort of physiotherapists in these sectors. METHODS: The self-report of pain and the musculoskeletal discomfort of the 18 physical therapists working in this hospital were evaluated by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire in the admission period (T0) and after 12 months (T1). RESULTS: No association was found between the self-report of pain and musculoskeletal discomfort and the working sector of these professionals. However, there was a temporal association between the self-report of pain and musculoskeletal complaints in the intensive care unit sector in the following regions: neck (p=0.043), shoulders (p=0.009), upper back (p=0.043), lower back (p=0.043) and hip and thigh region (p=0.027). The second shift of these professionals was not associated with pain and musculoskeletal discomfort. CONCLUSION: The self-report of pain and musculoskeletal discomfort of physical therapists of this university hospital, both in the admission period (T0) and after 12 months of work (T1) was not associated with the sector in which they work. However, after 12 months, the physical therapists working in the intensive care unit showed an increase in the amount of self-report of pain and musculoskeletal discomfort.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Tanto os fatores biomecânicos quanto emocionais podem contribuir para o surgimento de distúrbios osteomusculares em fisioterapeutas que atuam dentro de um hospital; porém ainda não se sabe se esses profissionais apresentam dor e desconforto musculoesquelético relacionados ao setor e ao tempo de trabalho. Os objetivos deste estudo foram comparar o autorrelato de dor e o desconforto musculoesquelético dos fisioterapeutas da unidade de terapia intensiva e enfermarias e avaliar retrospectivamente, em 12 meses de trabalho, o autorrelato de dor e desconforto musculoesquelético dos fisioterapeutas desses setores. MÉTODOS: O autorrelato de dor e o desconforto musculoesquelético dos 18 fisioterapeutas que atuam nesse hospital foi avaliado pelo Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares, no período atual (T1) e comparados retrospectivamente com os dados avaliados no período admissional (T0). RESULTADOS: Não houve associação entre o autorrelato de dor e o desconforto musculoesquelético e os setores de atuação desses profissionais, porém houve uma associação temporal entre o autorrelato de dor e o desconforto musculoesquelético na unidade de terapia intensiva, nas regiões de pescoço (p=0,043), ombros (p=0,009), parte superior das costas (p=0,043), parte inferior das costas (p=0,043) e região de quadril e coxas (p=0,027). A segunda jornada de trabalho desses fisioterapeutas não se mostrou associada com a dor e o desconforto musculoesquelético. CONCLUSÃO: O autorrelato de dor e desconforto musculoesquelético de fisioterapeutas desse hospital universitário, tanto no período admissional (T0) quanto após 12 meses de trabalho (T1) não se mostrou associado com o setor de atuação desses profissionais. Depois de 12 meses, os fisioterapeutas da unidade de terapia intensiva apresentaram aumento no autorrelato de dor e desconforto musculoesquelético.

Chinese Medicine Yishen Jiangu Granules () on Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effectiveness of Yishen Jiangu Granules (, YSJGG) on aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A single-arm, open-label study was conducted in 34 postmenopausal women with breast cancer who experienced AIMSS. Patients were treated with YSJGG for 12 weeks (12.4 g orally twice daily). The primary outcome was a change in the mean worst pain score of Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) over 12 weeks, and the second outcomes included changes in pain severity and pain-related interference of BPI-SF and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Modified Score for the Assessment of Chronic Rheumatoid Affections of the Hands (M-SACRAH), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), bone mineral density (BMD) and blood indices such as calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 37 women recruited, 30 initiated the therapy and 24 were evaluable at 12 weeks. The primary outcome (BPI-SF worst pain scores) achieved a 2.17-point reduction compared with baseline (5.75±1.87 vs 3.58±2.15, P<0.01). There were reductions in pain severity (decreased 1.65, P<0.01) and pain-related interference (decreased 2.55, P<0.01). The changes in WOMAC and M-SACRAH scores were similar to BPI-SF (P<0.05). In the FACT-B, only physical well-being and functional well-being were improved compared with baseline (P<0.05). No clinical differences were found in BMD, Ca, P and ALP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YSJGG is an effective and well-tolerated agent to reduce AIMSS.</p>

Análise ergonômica da atividade de quebra tradicional do coco babaçu no município de Itapecuru-Mirim/MA / Ergonomic analysis of the traditional babassu coconut opening in the city of Itapecuru-Mirim, Maranhão, Brazil

Resumo Objetivo: compreender a situação de trabalho das quebradeiras de coco babaçu à luz dos parâmetros da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET). Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo com mulheres quebradeiras de coco babaçu no município de Itapecuru-Mirim/MA, no período de setembro a novembro de 2014. Os dados foram coletados a partir de observações de campo, registros de imagens (fotos e vídeos), questionários e entrevistas com informantes-chave. Os instrumentos OWAS e RULA foram utilizados na AET. Resultados: riscos biomecânicos foram evidenciados na coleta, no transporte e na quebra dos cocos. Sintomas osteomusculares foram relatados por 93,5% das 275 participantes. Dores na coluna (58,4%), na região lombar (57%), no ombro direito (31,5%) e nos membros inferiores (30,1%) foram as mais referidas. As quebradeiras acreditam que tais sintomas estejam relacionados ao seu trabalho, mas a autonomia de poder decidir sobre a rotina de trabalho e a boa integração com seus pares foram identificados como elementos capazes de aliviar os efeitos da carga laboral, estimulando a satisfação pessoal e contribuindo para a continuidade dessa atividade secular. Conclusão: os resultados das avaliações das condições de saúde e trabalho, ratificados pelos relatos das informantes-chave, indicam a necessidade de mudança na atividade de quebra tradicional do coco babaçu.

Abstract Objective: to understand the work situation of babassu coconut openers through Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) parameters. Methods: descriptive observational study involving female babassu coconut openers in the city of Itapecuru-Mirim/MA, Brazil, from September to November 2014, using field observations, records of images (photos and videos), questionnaires and key informants interviews. OWAS and RULA instruments were used in the EWA. Results: biomechanical risks were evidenced in the coconuts collecting, transporting and opening. Musculoskeletal symptoms were reported by 93.5% of the 275 participants. Backache (58.4%), lower back pain (57%), right shoulder pain (31.5%) and lower limb pain (30.1%) were the mostly reported injuries. The openers believe that such symptoms are related to their work, but the autonomy to decide on their own work routine and the good integration with their peers were identified as elements that can mitigate the effects of work load, stimulate personal satisfaction and contribute to the continuity of this secular activity. Conclusion: the evaluations on health and work conditions, ratified by the key informants reports, indicate the need for change in the traditional babassu coconut opening.

Sintomas osteomusculares e estresse não alteram a qualidade de vida de professores da educação básica / Síntomas osteomusculares y estrés no alteran la calidad de vida de los profesores de la educación básica / Musculoskeletal symptoms and stress do not alter the quality of life of basic education teachers

RESUMO Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares, nível de estresse e qualidade de vida de professores do ensino básico. A amostra foi composta de 298 professores (265 mulheres e 33 homens) da educação infantil e fundamental do município de Caçador, Santa Catarina. Foram avaliados sintomas osteomusculares (Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares), nível de estresse (Questionário dos Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp) e a qualidade de vida (Questionário WHOQOL-bref). Apresentaram sintomas osteomusculares 48% dos professores e 65% se afastaram das atividades diárias. Manifestaram algum nível de estresse 42% dos professores, principalmente na fase de resistência (73%) e quase-exaustão (19%). Os sintomas psicológicos predominaram sobre os físicos (p<0,05). Os escores médios dos domínios Físico (57,1) e Meio Ambiente (58,2) foram significativamente menores (p<0,001) que os domínios Psicológico (63,8) e Relações Sociais (71,2). O escore da qualidade de vida geral de 62,6 pontos classificou os professores como satisfeitos com a sua qualidade de vida. Em conclusão, a alta prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares e de estresse não altera a qualidade de vida de professores do ensino básico.

RESUMEN Este estudio evaluó la prevalencia de los síntomas osteomusculares, el nivel de estrés y la calidad de vida de profesores de la enseñanza básica. La muestra fue compuesta de 298 profesores (265 mujeres y 33 hombres) de la educación infantil y primaria del municipio de Caçador, Santa Catarina. Fueron evaluados los síntomas osteomusculares (Cuestionario Nórdico de Síntomas Osteomusculares), el nivel de estrés (Cuestionario de los Síntomas de Estrese de Lipp) y la calidad de vida (Cuestionario WHOQOL-bref). Presentaron síntomas osteomusculares el 48% de los profesores y el 65% se alejaron de las actividades diarias. Manifestaron algún nivel de estrés el 42% de los profesores, principalmente en la etapa de resistencia (el 73%) y casi-agotamiento (el 19%). Los síntomas psicológicos predominaron sobre los físicos (p < 0,05). Los puntajes promedios de los dominios Físico (57,1) y Medioambiente (58,2) fueron significativamente menores (p < 0,001) que los dominios Psicológico (63,8) y Relaciones Sociales (71,2). El puntaje de la calidad de vida general de 62,6 puntos clasificó a los profesores como satisfechos con su calidad de vida. En conclusión, la alta prevalencia de los síntomas osteomusculares y de estrés no altera la calidad de vida de los profesores de la enseñanza básica.

ABSTRACT This study assessed the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, level of stress and quality of life of basic education teachers. The sample was composed of 298 teachers (265 women and 33 men) of early childhood and elementary education from Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Musculoskeletal symptoms (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire), level of stress (Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory) and quality of life (WHOQOL-bref Questionnaire) were evaluated. Forty-eight percent (48%) of the teachers presented musculoskeletal symptoms and 65% were absent from daily activities. Forty-two percent (42%) of the teachers presented some level of stress, mainly at the stage of resistance (73%) and near exhaustion (19%). Psychological symptoms predominated over physical symptoms (p<0.05). The average scores of the Physical (57.1) and Environmental (58.2) domains were significantly lower (p<0.001) than Psychological (63.8) and Social Relations domains (71.2). The score of 62.6 regarding the general quality of life qualified teachers as satisfied with their quality of life. In conclusion, the high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and stress does not alter the quality of life of basic education teachers.

Signs and symptoms of rheumatic diseases as first manifestation of pediatric cancer: diagnosis and prognosis implications / Sinais e sintomas sugestivos de doenças reumáticas como primeira manifestação de doenças neoplásicas na infância: implicações no diagnóstico e prognóstico

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalence and describe the clinical, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment and outcome of children with cancer initially referred to a tertiary outpatient pediatric rheumatology clinic. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records from patients identified in a list of 250 new patients attending the tertiary Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Ribeirão Preto Medical School hospital, University of São Paulo, from July 2013 to July 2015, whose final diagnosis was cancer. Results: Of 250 patients seen during the study period, 5 (2%) had a cancer diagnosis. Among them, 80% had constitutional symptoms, especially weight loss and asthenia, and 60% had arthritis. Initially, all patients had at least one alteration in their blood count, lactate dehydrogenase was increased in 80% and a bone marrow smear was conclusive in 60% of patients. Bone and intestine biopsies were necessary for the diagnosis in 2 patients. JIA was the most common initial diagnosis. The definitive diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2 patients), M3 acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma (one case each). Of 5 patients studied, 3 (60%) are in remission and 2 (40%) died, one of them with prior use of steroids. Conclusion: The constitutional and musculoskeletal symptoms common to rheumatic and neoplastic diseases can delay the diagnosis and consequently worsen the prognosis of neoplasms. Initial blood count and bone marrow smear may be normal in the initial framework of neoplasms. Thus, the clinical follow-up of these cases becomes imperative and the treatment, mainly with corticosteroids, should be delayed until diagnostic definition.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e descrever as principais manifestações clínicas, os exames complementares, o tratamento e a evolução de crianças com doenças neoplásicas atendidas inicialmente em um serviço terciário de reumatologia pediátrica. Métodos: Analisamos retrospectivamente o prontuário médico de pacientes com diagnóstico definitivo de neoplasia, identificados entre 250 casos novos atendidos no ambulatório de reumatologia pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto-USP, de julho de 2013 a julho de 2015. Resultados: Dos 250 pacientes, cinco (2%) tiveram diagnóstico de neoplasia. Desses, 80% apresentavam sintomas constitucionais, principalmente perda de peso e astenia e 60% artrite. Inicialmente, todos apresentavam pelo menos uma série alterada no hemograma, 80% aumento da desidrogenase lática (LDH) e 60% mielograma confirmatório. Dois pacientes necessitaram de biópsia, óssea e de intestino, para o diagnóstico final. Artrite idiopática juvenil foi o diagnóstico inicial mais frequente. Os diagnósticos definitivos foram leucemia linfoide aguda (dois casos), leucemia mieloide aguda-M3, neuroblastoma e linfoma (um caso cada). Dos pacientes estudados, três (60%) estão em remissão. Dois pacientes foram a óbito (40%), um deles com uso prévio de corticoide. Conclusão: Os sintomas constitucionais e musculoesqueléticos comuns às doenças reumáticas e neoplásicas podem retardar o diagnóstico e consequentemente agravar o prognóstico das neoplasias. O hemograma inicial, assim como o mielograma, podem estar normais no quadro inicial das neoplasias. Dessa forma, o seguimento clínico evolutivo desses casos torna-se imperativo e o tratamento, principalmente com corticoides, deve ser retardado até definição diagnóstica.

A random digit dialing investigation on the association between different visual display terminal use and physical symptoms among adults / 预防医学

Objective To explore the association between different visual display terminal use and physical symptoms among adults.Methods Hangzhou,Jiaxing,Huzhou,Jinhua and Quzhou City were selected,where residents aged 18 years old and above were investigated using Mitofsky-Waksberg two-stage sampling.Information of demography,different visual display terminal use,eye and musculoskeletal symptoms,eye disease and eye relax were collected.Backward stepwise logistic regression was used to explore the association between different visual display terminal use and the symptoms (P value for addition ＜ 0.05,P value for removal ＞ 0.1).Results Totally 350 adults responded to the investigation,with a response rate of 48.54％.Finally,333 respondents were included in the analysis,among which 120 reported eye symptoms (36.04％) and 71reported musculoskeletal symptoms (21.32％).More time of computer use at work(0.5-4 h:OR=2.006,95％ CI:1.021-3.943;4-6 h:OR=3.578,95％ CI:1.751-7.315;＞6 h:OR=4.874,95％ CI:1.897-12.521) and eye disease (OR =4.361,95％ CI:2.465-7.714) were significandy associated with higher odds ratios in eye symptoms.Similar pattern was seen for the association on time of computer use at work with musculoskeletal symptoms (0.5-4 h:OR =3.815,95 ％ CI:1.809-8.045;4-6 h:OR =4.974,95 ％ CI:2.281-10.845;＞ 6 h:OR =5.934,95％ CI:2.347-15.005).More time of watching TV on television (＞ 2 h:OR =2.051,95％CI:1.068-3.939) and women (OR =1.884,95％ CI:1.052-3.372) were also observed to be statistically associated with musculoskeletal symptoms.However,no statistical association was observed between the two symptoms and entertainment purpose use of computer/cell phone/pad/kindle (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Computer use at work was significantly associated with eye symptoms,especially for those having eye diseases.It was also statistically associated with musculoskeletal symptoms,especially for women.

Key Strike Forces and Their Relation to High Level of Musculoskeletal Symptoms

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relation between key strike forces and musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). Moreover, this study presents a key strike force measurement method to be used in a workplace setting. The correlation between key strike force characteristics and MSS was previously studied, but the measurement methods used either a single-key switch or force platforms applied under the keyboard. Most of the studies were conducted in a laboratory setting. The uniqueness of measurement methods in the current study is their ability to measure forces applied to a specific key in a workplace setting and to provide more information about specific key strike forces during typing. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy computer workers were recruited for the study. The demographic questionnaire, and self-reported questionnaires for psychosocial status (General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work) and for detecting MSS were filled up, which later helped in dividing the participants into two groups (12 participants with pain and 12 without pain). Participants typed a predetermined text that utilized the instrumented keys multiple times. The dynamic forces applied to the keys were recorded and collected, using four thin and flexible force sensors attached to the preselected keys according to their location. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that participants with high levels of MSS, specifically in the back and neck, in the last year exerted significantly higher key strike forces than those with lower levels of symptoms (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: The key strike force exerted while typing on a keyboard may be a risk factor for MSS, and should therefore be considered in ergonomic evaluations and interventional programs.

Stretch breaks in the work setting improve flexibility and grip strength and reduce musculoskeletal complaints / Programa de ginástica laboral melhora a flexibilidade e força de preensão e reduz queixas osteomusculares em trabalhadores / Programa de gimnasia laboral mejora la flexibilidad y la fuerza de prensión y reduce las quejas musculoesqueléticas en los trabajadores

This study investigated the effect of a stretch break program (SBP) on the flexibility, strength and musculoskeletal complaints of storage (SW) and administrative (AW) sector workers. Twenty-six male workers were randomly selected: 16 workers from the storage sector and ten workers from the administrative sector. We applied the Physical Activity Questionnaire and Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and evaluated flexibility and grip strength before and after 6 months of the SBP. The SPB decreased the SW group members' complaints of paresthesias and numbness in the upper body and total body. The SPB reduced the AW group members' complaints of paresthesias and numbness in the upper body. Furthermore, the SPB improved cervical, trunk and left shoulder flexibility in the SW group and improved cervical and shoulder flexibility and grip strength in the AW group. The SBP contribute to improve flexibility and musculoskeletal complaints in the regions that are affected by higher rates of work-related injuries.

O presente estudo investigou o efeito de um programa de ginática laboral (PGL) na flexibilidade, força e sintomas osteomusculares nos trabalhadores dos setores almoxarifado (GTA) e administrativo (GTAD). Vinte e seis trabalhadores do sexo masculino foram selecionados aleatoriamente: dezesseis GTA e dez GTAD. Aplicamos os questinários de atividade física e de sintomas osteomusculares e avaliamos a flexibilidade e força de preensão manual antes e após seis meses da PGL. O PGL diminuiu o número de queixas de parestesias e dormência dos membros superiores e no corpo total no GTA. O PGL reduziu o número de queixas de parestesias e dormência dos membros superiorese no GTAD. Além disso, o PGL melhorou a flexibilidade da cervical, do tronco e do ombro esquerdo no grupo GTA e a flexibilidade da cervical e ombro e força de preensão no grupo GTAD. O PGL contribuiu para melhoria da flexibilidade e queixas osteomusculares nas regiões corporais com maiores índices de lesões provenientes do trabalho.

El presente estudio investigó el efecto de un programa de gimnasia laboral (PGL) en la flexibilidad, la fuerza y síntomas musculoesqueléticos en los sectores trabajadores de almacén (GTA) y administrativa (GTAD). Veintiséis trabajadores de sexo masculino fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente: dieciséis GTA y diez GTAD. Aplicamos las questinários de la actividad física y los síntomas musculoesqueléticos y evaluamos la flexibilidad y fuerza de presión antes y después de 6 meses de PGL. El PGL disminuyó el número de quejas por parestesias y de entumecimiento de la parte superior del cuerpo y cuerpo total en el GTA. El PGL redujo el número de quejas por parestesias y entumecimiento de los miembros superiorese en GTAD. Además, PGL mejoró la flexibilidad del cervical, el tronco y el hombro izquierdo en el grupo de GTA y flexibilidade del hombro, el cervical y la fuerza de prensión en el grupo GTAD. El PGL contribuyó a mejorar la flexibilidad y musculoesqueléticos quejas en regiones del cuerpo con las mayores tasas de lesiones de trabajo.

Research progress on aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms / 中国肿瘤临床

Third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been considered as standard adjuvant endocrine therapy for hor-mone-responsive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS) are prevalent among patients undergoing AI therapy;these symptoms result in reduced quality of life and poor dependence to AI treatment. The mechanisms mediating AIMSS and the effective management of AIMSS have not been extensively investigated. This article re-views the incidence, clinical characteristics, possible mechanisms, and treatment of AIMSS.

Factors Affecting Musculoskeletal Symptoms of Teachers in Child Care Centers / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to explore factors affecting musculoskeletal symptoms of the child care centers' teachers in Korea. METHODS: This study was a descriptive research, using a cross-sectional survey. Convenience samples of 230 child care centers' teachers aged 20 to 65 were selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure general characteristics, job-related characteristics, exercise habit, fatigue and musculoskeletal symptoms of the body parts. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: Shoulder pain (73.5%), low back pain (72.6%) and wrist/hand pain (57.8%) were the most common musculoskeletal symptoms. Shoulder pain significantly differed depending on the age of children in charge at the child care center (p<.047). The exercise habit was related to low back pain (p<.028) and the career was linked to wrist/hand pain (p<.046). The logistic regression analysis revealed exercise habit and fatigue were the risk factors on musculoskeletal symptoms of many body parts. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that interventions targeting the child care centers' teachers should be considered job-related characteristics and fatigue in order to prevent musculoskeletal disorder. Thus, there continues to be a need to develop exercise program for the child care centers' teachers.

Síntomas músculo-esqueléticos en trabajadores operativos del área de mantenimiento de una empresa petrolera ecuatoriana / Musculoskeletal symptoms in the area of operational maintenance of an oil company workers

CONTEXTO: Al ser considerada la ergonomía como una disciplina de carácter científico, que evalúa los riesgos ergonómicos en el medio ambiente laboral, puede evitar enfermedades ocupacionales y accidentes del trabajo, contribuyendo a mejorar las condiciones laborales en una organización. OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas músculo-esqueléticos en trabajadores operativos del puesto de trabajo mantenimiento de una Empresa Petrolera Ecuatoriana. METODOLOGÍA: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en 102 trabajadores de sexo masculino, correspondientes al puesto de trabajo de mantenimiento de una empresa petrolera, situada en una locación de la Provincia de Sucumbíos, durante el año 2013; la edad comprendida estuvo entre 18 y 49 años. Para la recolección de datos a cada uno de los trabajadores, previo consentimiento informado se aplicó: un Cuestionario Socio-Demográfico, una Historia Médica Ocupacional y el Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado. RESULTADOS: La mayor prevalencia de síntomas músculo-esqueléticos, se encuentra en el grupo de trabajadores de entre 30 y 40 años de edad, en las regiones anatómicas: espalda baja 66 (64,7%), seguido de espalda alta 44 (43,1%), cuello 38 (37,3%) y hombro 27 (26,5%), siendo los más afectados los puestos de trabajo técnico-eléctrico y técnico-mecánico. La regresión logística binaria determinó que las variables no son estadísticamente significativas y, por lo tanto, por sí solas no explican la aparición de síntomas Músculo-Esqueléticos. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que existe una elevada prevalencia de síntomas músculo-esqueléticos en la población estudiada, por lo que se recomienda efectuar una evaluación ergonómica exhaustiva de los puestos de trabajo y posteriormente buscar mecanismos y estrategias de control y prevención de riesgos ergonómicos, con la finalidad de minimizar el desarrollo de lesiones músculo-esqueléticos en la población de estudio.

CONTEXT: When considered ergonomics as a scientific discipline that evaluates ergonomic hazards in the working environment, you can prevent occupational diseases and industrial accidents, helping to improve working conditions in an organization. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in workers operating as a maintenance work Ecuadorian Oil Company. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 male workers, job for the maintenance of an oil company, situated in a location in the province of Sucumbíos, in 2013, the age range was between 18 and 49. To collect data for each worker, informed consent was applied: A Socio-Demographic Questionnaire an Occupational Medical History and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms are in the group of workers between 30 and 40 years old, in the anatomical regions: lower back 66 (64,7%), followed by upper back 44 (43,1% ), neck 38 (37,3%) and shoulder 27 (26,5%) being the most affected stations mechanical technician and electrician work. Binary logistic regression determined that the variables are not statistically significant, and thus alone do not explain the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the study population, so it is recommended that a comprehensive ergonomic evaluation of jobs and then find mechanisms and strategies for control and prevention of ergonomic hazards, with the aim minimize the development of musculoskeletal injuries in the study population.

Job Stress and Musculoskeletal Disorder in Seoul City's School Foodservice Employees / 산업간호학회지

PURPOSE: School foodservice employees (SFEs) could be exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disease and of job stress due to their job characteristics. This study was to evaluate the level of job stress and the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WRMS) in Seoul city's SFEs, and to determine associations between job stress and WRMS. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional, and 975 SFEs were recruited. Self-administered questionnaire included the 'Korean occupational stress scale-short form' and the 'KOSHA GUIDE H-9-2012' instrument to evaluate the job stress and WRMS, respectively. SFEs' medians of job stress were compared to the reference values of published study in Korean workers. RESULTS: The participants reported greater levels of job demand and physical environment than the general Korean population. WRMS were reported in 89.0% of participants at any body part, and 41.1% were presumed to need for medical intervention. High levels of job demand and of physical environment were significantly associated with WRMS. CONCLUSION: Subscales of job demand and physical environment were relatively high in SFEs and those were related to the occurrence of WRMS. To reduce the WRMS prevalence, a job stress management program focused on job demand and physical environment may be required.

Job Stress and Musculoskeletal Disorder in Seoul City's School Foodservice Employees / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: School foodservice employees (SFEs) could be exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disease and of job stress due to their job characteristics. This study was to evaluate the level of job stress and the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WRMS) in Seoul city's SFEs, and to determine associations between job stress and WRMS. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional, and 975 SFEs were recruited. Self-administered questionnaire included the 'Korean occupational stress scale-short form' and the 'KOSHA GUIDE H-9-2012' instrument to evaluate the job stress and WRMS, respectively. SFEs' medians of job stress were compared to the reference values of published study in Korean workers. RESULTS: The participants reported greater levels of job demand and physical environment than the general Korean population. WRMS were reported in 89.0% of participants at any body part, and 41.1% were presumed to need for medical intervention. High levels of job demand and of physical environment were significantly associated with WRMS. CONCLUSION: Subscales of job demand and physical environment were relatively high in SFEs and those were related to the occurrence of WRMS. To reduce the WRMS prevalence, a job stress management program focused on job demand and physical environment may be required.

Aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms: incidence and associated factors / 대한외과학회지

PURPOSE: Arthralgia is the most common side effect in breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. Few studies have evaluated the risk factors, onset, and incidence of musculoskeletal pain in these patients. This study identifies the risk factors of AI-related severe arthralgia and their prevalence. METHODS: All the clinical and pathological records of postmenopausal patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer using AI at Samsung Medical Center from January 2005 to November 2007 were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors of AI-associated musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS) and factors associated with AI discontinuance. RESULTS: Among 299 patients, 69 patients (23%) experienced musculoskeletal symptoms attributed to AI use. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, no statistically significant outcome was found to confirm the risk factors for the development of AIMSS. Among the 69 patients who experienced AI-associated musculoskeletal symptoms, 29 (39.7%) discontinued AI use. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed an association of prior tamoxifen use with discontinuance of AI (P < 0.01; odds ratio, 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.74 to 10.50). CONCLUSION: Prior use of tamoxifen is related to discontinuation of AI due to AI-associated severe arthralgia. Special monitoring and proper pain control for these patients should be considered during the treatment period.

Síntomas musculoesqueléticos en conductores de buses de una institución universitaria / Musculoeskeletal symptoms in bus drivers of a university institution

Los síntomas musculoesqueléticos (SME) en conductores de buses han sido asociados a condiciones inadecuadas en su puesto de trabajo. Se determinó la ocurrencia de SME en el total de la población de conductores de buses de una universidad pública (N = 35) y se relacionó con el puesto de trabajo, la carga postural estática, edad, índice de masa corporal (IMC), jornada de trabajo y la antigüedad en el cargo. El rango de edades fue de 27 a 56 años. Se aplicaron el cuestionario estandarizado Nórdico para la determinación de los SME, un cuestionario para recoger información para caracterizar y determinar los riesgos percibidos en el puesto de trabajo y el método de la Regie National Des Usines Renault para medir la carga postural estática. La media (?± DE) de edad fue de 38,89 ±7,31 años y la del IMC de 31,4 ± 5,74 Kg/m². Los SME estuvieron asociados significativamente con el IMC (r s = 0,895; p<0,05). Hubo elevada incidencia de SME (94%), con mayor ocurrencia en cuello (69%), espalda baja (60%), espalda superior (57%) y rodillas (43%); predominó el dolor, que se ubicó mayormente en dolor fuerte y/o de fuerte intensidad en la espalda baja y rodillas. Los hallazgos pudieran estar relacionados con los riesgos presentes en el puesto de trabajo: ausencia de apoya cabeza, soporte lumbar, silla no deslizable y condiciones del ambiente laboral, vibración y ruido. No hubo asociación ni correlación entre los SME y la carga postural estática. Los resultados sugieren que las condiciones inadecuadas del puesto de trabajo, así como el IMC, predisponen a la ocurrencia de SME.

Musculoskeletal symptoms (MSDs) in bus drivers have been associated to the inadequate conditions of the work station. The occurrence of MES was determined in the total population of bus drivers of a public university (N = 35), and these were related with the work station, the posture static load, age, BMI, worked days and the number of years in the position. In this study, the age range was between 27 and 56 years. The standardize Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for the determination of the MSDs, the method of the Regie National Des Usines Renault to measure the static postural load and a questionnaire to collect information of the bus working conditions were applied. The mean (?± SD) age was 39±1.94 years and the body mass index (BMI) was 31±1.95 Kg/m². The MSDs were associated significantly to the BMI (r s=0.895 and p<0.05). There was a high incidence of MSDs (94%) with more occurrences in neck (69%), lower back (60%), superior back (57%) and knees (43%). Pain of strong intensity, located in the lower back and knees, was the main symptom. These findings can be related with the risks at the work station, such as absence of head support, lumbar support, non sliding seat and inadequate conditions of the labor environment: vibration and noise. There was neither association nor correlation of MSDs and the postural static load, or with the others variables in study. The results suggest that inadequate conditions of the work stations as well as the BMI, dominated the occurrence of MSDs.

Occupational Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Public Workers / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the occupational risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in public workers. METHODS: In November 2010, 544 participants anwered a survey that included questions on the participants' general characteristics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, and psychosocial stress. We measured the relationship of risk factors to musculoskeletal symptoms using a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: After adjusting for general characteristics, factors associated with occupational musculoskeletal symptoms were gender (OR=2.858, 95% CI=1.701~4.801), unnatural posture (OR=2.386, 95% CI=1.308~4.354), psychosocial stress (OR=4.051, 95% CI=1.336~12.282) and sleep quality (OR=1.672, 95% CI=1.052~2.660). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that psychosocial stress levels and physical environment (especially in professions requiring an unnatural posture) are related to musculoskeletal symptoms in public workers.

Association between Job-related Factors and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in University Hospital Healthcare Workers / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in university hospital healthcare workers and to evaluate the job-related factors that affect musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to health care workers who work at the university hospital. The self-reported questionnaire included the following information: general characteristics, health behaviors, job-related factors, depression symptom, ergonomic factor, job stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms. Ergonomic factor was measured by ANSI Z-365, depression symptom by CES-D, job stress by KOSS-26 and musculoskeletal symptoms by NIOSH questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 1,198(64.2%) of 1,842 respondents answered and 1,183 were included in the final study population. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was 53.3%. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms of males and females was 25.6% and 63.9%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, total job stress score(OR=3.05, 95% CI=1.62~5.74), depression symptom(OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.07~4.43), ANSI Z-365 high risk group(OR=5.33, 95% CI=2.08~13.66) in males and total job stress score(OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.53~3.00), three-shift work(OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.26~2.60), nurses(OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.22~2.73), and ANSI Z-365 high risk group(OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.58~7.03) in females were significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Shift work, nurses, ANSI Z-365 high risk group, depression symptom and job stress were related with musculoskeletal symptoms. In order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomic improvements and stress reduction are required.

Relationship between Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Non-fatal Occupational Injuries in Construction Workers in Korea / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the relationship between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal injuries in construction workers. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1,836 male construction workers in petrochemical plants in Korea. For this study, a structured self-reported questionnaire(KOSHA CODE H-30-2003) was used. Musculoskeletal symptoms were defined as symptoms that affect the operation of the musculoskeletal system, for longer than one week or a frequency of more than once per month. To evaluate the association between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal occupatioanl injuries, multiple logistic-regressions were used after adjusting for age, exercise, smoking status, alcohol consumption, work time, work duration, and income. RESULTS: A total of 140 workers were involved in non-fatal injuries cases, representing 7.6% prevalence. After adjusting for confounding variables, the logistic regression analyses indicated the group with musculoskeletal symptoms(OR 1.73 95% CI:1.21~2.47) and intensity criteria of musculoskeletal symptoms as related to 'moderate' criteria(OR 1.82 95% CI:1.18~2.81) or 'severe' criteria(OR 2.57 95% CI:1.43~4.63). This identified group was more likely to experience non-fatal occupational injuries. However, a 'mild' criteria(OR 1.00 95% CI:0.51~1.99) was not associated with non-fatal occupational injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated a possible association between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal injuries. Hence, strengthening of laws and regulations, effective ergonomic programs and training is necessary to prevent musculoskeletal symptoms.